Rufous

Common name: Rufous Hummingbird
Scientific name: Selasphorus rufous
Clades: Mellisugini - Bees

Rufous Hummingbird can measure 7–9 cm (2.8–3.5 in) long and spans 11 cm (4.3 in) across the wings. Weighs 2–5 g (0.071–0.176 oz).

The Rufous Hummingbird commands attention as North America's "extremist" avian marvel. Renowned for its assertive demeanor in the western region, this species distinguishes itself by audaciously venturing to the northernmost latitude of all hummingbirds, reaching an impressive 61° N. Straying far from the equatorial tropics where its ancestors evolved, the Rufous Hummingbird embodies a remarkable spirit of adventure.

This intrepid hummingbird undertakes the longest known avian migration when measured in body length. Individuals hailing from Alaskan populations brave a fleeting breeding season while basking in the longest day length witnessed by any hummingbird. This juxtaposition of brevity and elongation shapes the unique reality of life for the Alaskan Rufous Hummingbird.

The striking appearance of the adult male Rufous Hummingbird is a sight to behold, with vibrant orange plumage contrasted by a brilliant white chest and splashes of green on the back. Notably, the iridescent throat, a captivating feature, undergoes a chromatic metamorphosis, shimmering with hues of red, orange, yellow, green, or even purple, enchanting observers with its ever-changing palette in different light conditions.

Amidst their daring expeditions, nectar and insects serve as the primary sustenance for these enigmatic creatures, fueling their relentless journey through distant landscapes. As the Rufous Hummingbird continues to capture the imagination of enthusiasts and researchers alike, its unwavering spirit and remarkable feats stand as a testament to the enduring allure of the natural world.

Distribution in Mexico, the United States (including Alaska) and Canada